The Tyrant
The Tyrant is the all-powerful ruler who demands complete obedience and cannot be questioned. They don't have to be coherent and are not bound by their own rules or promises they make; anything they do is justified by the fact that they do it.

The Role Model
The Role Model knows and accepts their place in society. They display conformity and complete obedience to those in authority, even if they have to endure suffering or injustice or witness the suffering of others as a consequence.

The Antihero
The Antihero is the opposite of the Role Model by not accepting their place in society, not conforming to their group and/or disobeying those in positions of authority.

The Sycophant
The Sycophant is anxious to earn the approval of those in power and is willing to tolerate and even commit atrocities to achieve their aim.

The Weakling
The Weakling is unable to stand up for themselves, let alone others, and always chooses the path of least resistance.

The Intermediary
The Intermediary serves as the messenger of the Tyrant to reinforce their orders or to push people to do their bidding.

The Ally
The Ally is a person or creature coming to the aid of the protagonist despite not sharing their collective identity.

The Enemy
The Enemy is any person or creature not sharing the protagonist's or the storyteller's collective identity (ethnicity, family, genus, religion etc) and not serving as an Ally, as well as any group member failing to conform or comply or committing atrocities without authorisation.

The Reward
The Reward awaits the Role Model at the end of their journey. While the Reward may be a person (such as the prince who marries the girl), it can take other forms like material wealth.
The Reward justifies all the suffering, humiliation and injustice the Role Model had to go through (or witness) on their way.

This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, you will find more archetypes in other stories. Furthermore, a character may represent several archetypes; for example, because of the authoritarian background of these stories, the Sycophant is often the Role Model as well, especially in biblical mythology.

In order to impress the king, a miller brags to him that his daughter can spin straw into gold. Telling the king that this is nonsense would mean defying her father, so the girl goes along with it, even though she is told she'll be killed if she fails.
She is locked into a room filled with straw where she despairs. As she is sobbing, an imp appears to her and offers to spin the straw into gold for a payment, and she gives him her necklace.
On the next day she is locked into a larger room filled with more straw. The imp appears again, and she gives him her ring in exchange for turning the straw into gold.
On the third day she is locked into an even larger room with even more straw, and the king not only threatens to have her killed if she fails but also promises to marry her if she succeeds. She has nothing left to offer when the imp appears again, so he demands her first-born child after she becomes queen.
The king marries her, and after she has her first child, the imp returns and demands his payment. She offers him all kinds of riches instead, but he insists on her child. However, feeling invincible and wishing to prolong her mental torture, he agrees to spare the child if she guesses his name within three days. After failing on the first two days, she wanders into the woods, trying to find him and plead with him. She discovers him dancing around a fire as he, not noticing her, sings, 'The queen will never win the game, for Rumpelstiltskin is my name.'
On the third day, after a few intentionally wrong guesses, she reveals his name which sends him into a rage, and he flies out of the window on a cooking ladle.

The king is the Tyrant who has uncontrolled power, commands unquestioning compliance and holds power over the lives of everybody else. He is also the Reward since he marries the girl, providing her and her father with wealth and status.
The miller is the Sycophant whose purpose in life is pleasing and impressing the Tyrant and others in authority, even if he causes those around him to suffer.
Rumpelstiltskin is the Enemy who offers his assistance in a seemingly hopeless situation for a highly unreasonable price.
The miller's daughter is the Role Model who doesn't disobey, question or embarrass a person in authority like her father or the king, even if it puts her own life at stake, and endures trauma and injustice at their behest.

Archangel Gabriel appears to the virgin Mary and tells her that because she has been such a good girl God intends to impregnate her. Her fiancé Joseph subsequently plans to leave her, but another angel tells him that she will give birth to an important man and suggests that he stay with her.

God is the Tyrant who has unlimited power over everybody else and uses it.
Gabriel is the Intermediary who delivers the orders of the Tyrant.
Joseph is the Weakling who worries about his social status but is easily pressured into submission.
The second angel is the Intermediary who pushes those who resist or are reluctant to accept their fate.
Mary is the Role Model who does exactly as she is told and does not object to any demands of those in authority.
(The grooming purpose of this story has been amplified by a 2015 Catholic religion course for primary schools in Ireland which features the image of a frightened child sitting on the edge of her bed with the caption, 'Mary said yes'.)

Urged by his second wife to abandon Hansel and Gretel, the children from his first wife, a woodcutter reluctantly agrees. The children overhear them, and when their father brings them into the woods the following morning, Hansel drops pebbles along the way and finds their way back.
The next time they have no pebbles, and Hansel spreads breadcrumbs instead which are eaten by birds. Lost in the woods, the children eventually find a gingerbread house and start eating from it. Shortly afterwards a witch comes out of the house and lures them in, promising them food and lodging.
It turns out that she is fattening and eating children. When she asks Gretel to check if the oven is hot enough to cook Hansel, Gretel plays dumb, and as the witch demonstrates what she meant, Gretel pushes her into the oven. The children find a treasure and return home to their freshly widowed father.

The woodcutter is the Weakling who finds it easier to abandon his children than to displease his wife.
The stepmother is the Enemy who inserted herself into the family.
The witch is the Enemy because she lives isolated in the woods and, of course, because she eats children.
Hansel and Gretel are the Role Models. They look out for each other and bring their Reward to the man who abandoned them. The fact that they take the initiative (marking their way back home, eating from the house without permission and deceiving and burning the witch) is justified since they are defying the Enemy.

God tells Abraham to sacrifice his son Isaac because he wants to test his loyalty, so Abraham brings him to an altar on a mountain, ties him up on it, takes out his knife and is about to kill him when an angel appears and tells him that God was only kidding to see if he would unquestioningly comply. Happy to see that Abraham is willing to obey any order, regardless of how immoral it is, he provides a ram to sacrifice in Isaac's stead.

God is the Tyrant who demands total and unconditional obedience.
Abraham is both the Role Model and the Sycophant because he is willing to mindlessly obey orders, even if it means committing atrocities, while he is himself a Tyrant in regard to his family, people, servants and slaves.

A woodcutter and his wife are too poor to feed their daughter. The Virgin Mary appears to them and, rather than providing them with what they need, demands to take the girl to heaven with her.
When she is older, the Virgin Mary pretends to go on an errand and entrusts the keys to the thirteen doors of heaven to her, telling her she is allowed to check out the first twelve doors but forbids her to open the thirteenth one (rather than only giving her the twelve keys).
The girl opens the first twelve doors behind which she finds the twelve apostles. She is curious about the thirteenth door as well, but the angels hold her back, telling her she would regret disobeying.
She can't stop thinking about the forbidden door, and eventually, when nobody is watching, she opens it and finds the Trinity.
The Virgin Mary returns, realises that the girl opened the forbidden door and pressures her to confess. After the girl denies three times that she opened the door, the Virgin Mary casts her out of heaven.
She wakes up naked in the wilderness from which she can't escape since she is surrounded by thorns. After many years a king finds her while he is hunting, and since she is unable to speak, she nods when he offers to bring her to his castle. They marry, and after she gives birth to a son, the Virgin Mary appears to her and offers to return her speech to her if she confesses but threatens to take her child away if she doesn’t. The girl again denies having opened the door, and the Virgin Mary snatches the child.
This happens with two more children, and eventually it is believed that the girl has eaten them. She is burned at the stake, and for a moment she gets her voice back and cries out, 'Yes, Mary, I did it!'
At that moment the Virgin Mary returns with her three children and saves her.

The Virgin Mary is the Tyrant who feels entitled to take children from their parents at will.
The girl is the Antihero who disobeys her kidnapper and lies to her about it.
The angels are the Intermediaries who try to reinforce the Tyrant's orders.

A mermaid falls in love with a prince she spots on a ship, and after a storm sinks the vessel, she saves the unconscious prince and returns to the sea. She wishes to marry the prince and gain an immortal soul which she is told all humans have. A sea witch grants her request in exchange for her beautiful voice but tells her that she'll only receive a soul if the prince marries her; if he marries someone else, she'll die of a broken heart and dissolve into sea foam.
She takes on human form and, despite being mute now, gets to know the prince who is, however, just friends with her. As her human form is unnatural to her, every step she takes feels like walking on knives, but that doesn't stop her from dancing for his entertainment in the hope of winning his heart.
After he marries someone else, she retires to the shore, awaiting her fate, but before long her sisters appear and give her a dagger they got from the witch, telling her that if she kills the prince with it and lets his blood drop on her feet, she'll become a mermaid again, but she doesn't have the heart to do it and throws the dagger into the sea. She dissolves into sea foam from which she is turned into a daughter of the air as a consolation prize, and after 300 years of working for God she will earn her immortal soul.

The Mermaid is the Enemy, despite saving (and later refusing to kill) the prince. She dooms herself by desiring someone whose collective identity (i.e. humanity) she doesn't share and going to great lengths to assume that identity against her nature. Basically, she doesn't know her place.
The prince is the Reward which is unobtainable for someone of her kind.

People on Earth live their lives as they see fit and don't lick God's boots, with the exception of Noah and his family. God gets angry and tells him to build an ark for his family and a pair of all animals after which he sends a flood to drown the world with everybody and everything on it. Afterwards Noah's family settles down again, and God presents them with a rainbow as a promise he'll never flood the Earth again.

God is the Tyrant who takes revenge on his perceived subjects for ignoring him.
Noah is both the Role Model and the Sycophant who does everything the Tyrant tells him to do while watching his master commit genocide.
The rainbow is the Reward for Noah's unquestioning obedience. (Keep in mind that the Tyrant is not bound by promises.)

After a girl's mother dies and her father marries again, her stepmother and her two daughters humiliate her, treat her like a kitchen maid and call her Cinderella.
One day the king announces a three-day festival to find a bride for his son. While her stepsisters attend, Cinderella is not allowed to go.
On all three evenings a bird provides her with a beautiful dress, and she sneaks out and dances with the prince who falls in love with her and wants to escort her home. On the first two nights she manages to escape, but on the third the prince covered the stairs with pitch, and she loses one of her slippers.
The prince starts looking for the slipper's owner to marry her, and when he comes to her home, her stepsisters mutilate their feet in order to make it fit but don't get away with it. He then asks her father if he has another daughter which he denies, saying that there is only a Cinderella from his first wife. The price insists on seeing her, and after putting the slipper on her foot, he recognises and marries her.

Cinderella is the Role Model for quietly enduring degradation and maltreatment.
The stepmother and her daughters are the Enemy for inserting themselves into the family.
The father is the Weakling for failing to protect and even denouncing his daughter.
The bird is the Ally who magically appears and enables those who suffer in silence to claim their just Reward (the prince).

On their way to take other peoples' countries, as God had promised them, the Israelites under Joshua come to the walled city of Jericho which is very well secured. Two spies manage to enter and are helped by a woman called Rahab who assists and shelters them in return for the promise to be spared.
After they return, God tells Joshua to let his people march around the city for a week with specific instructions regarding the formation and to let out a collective scream at the end.
They do so, and after the scream the walls fall down and the Israelites take the city and slaughter everybody in it (with the exception of Rahab and her family) as God ordered them.

God is the Tyrant who not only orders the extermination of an entire city but also forces his lackeys to perform humiliating rituals in the process.
Joshua is the Role Model as well as the Sycophant who is not only willing but apparently delights in committing genocide with the other Israelites on the Tyrant's behalf.
Rahab is the Ally who assists the Role Model in his efforts even though it means that her people will be wiped out.

Little Red Riding Hood is sent to visit her grandmother across the woods by her mother who tells her not to leave the path. On her way she meets a wolf who suggests that she pick flowers in the wood for her grandmother. She follows his advice while the wolf goes to the grandmother's house and eats her, afterwards dressing up as the grandmother and awaiting Little Red Riding Hood whom he eats as well.
A huntsman passing by finds the sleeping wolf, cuts him open, saves the two and then puts stones in the wolf's belly. The wolf tries to run away, but the stones drag him down and kill him.
On a later occasion Little Red Riding Hood is sent to her grandmother again. This time she stays on the path, doesn't talk to wolves, and all ends well.

Little Red Riding Hood is the Antihero who disobeys a person in authority.
The wolf is the Enemy, for obvious reasons.

While he's not the subject of a particular myth, Santa Claus is the Tyrant who rewards blind obedience and conformity and punishes non-compliance and divergence.

The idea of children cannibalising a (demi)god who was killed because of their terrible sins was, even for the authors of the gospels, too gruesome to be described graphically.
Here the Tyrant plays the victim card to instil feelings of guilt in his subjects.